测试指南
TestingConfig
TestingConfig() 专为测试环境设计，禁用安全检查、缩短连接/握手超时（Request 仍为默认 180s）：
go
func TestAPI(t *testing.T) {
client, err := httpc.New(httpc.TestingConfig())
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
defer client.Close()
result, err := client.Get("http://localhost:8080/test")
// ...
}DANGER
TestingConfig 禁用了 TLS 验证、SSRF 防护等安全特性，仅用于测试环境。在非测试环境使用时会打印安全警告。
httptest.Server 集成
使用标准库 net/http/httptest 创建模拟服务器，实现无需真实后端的集成测试：
go
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"net/http"
"net/http/httptest"
"testing"
"github.com/cybergodev/httpc"
)
func TestGetUser(t *testing.T) {
// 创建模拟服务器
server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
if r.URL.Path != "/users/1" {
t.Errorf("unexpected path: %s", r.URL.Path)
}
if r.Header.Get("Authorization") != "Bearer test-token" {
t.Errorf("missing auth header")
}
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
"id": 1,
"name": "Test User",
})
}))
defer server.Close()
// 使用 TestingConfig 创建客户端
client, err := httpc.New(httpc.TestingConfig())
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
defer client.Close()
// 发送请求到模拟服务器
result, err := client.Get(server.URL+"/users/1",
httpc.WithBearerToken("test-token"),
)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if !result.IsSuccess() {
t.Fatalf("expected success, got %d", result.StatusCode())
}
var user struct {
ID int `json:"id"`
Name string `json:"name"`
}
if err := result.Unmarshal(&user); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if user.Name != "Test User" {
t.Errorf("expected Test User, got %s", user.Name)
}
}模拟不同场景
模拟错误响应
go
server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]string{
"error": "user not found",
})
}))
defer server.Close()模拟延迟
go
// TestingConfig 关闭 SSRF 防护——否则默认客户端会阻止 127.0.0.1 测试服务器，
// 得到的是 SSRF 错误而非超时错误。
client, _ := httpc.New(httpc.TestingConfig())
defer client.Close()
server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
}))
defer server.Close()
// 测试超时处理：1s 上下文超时 < 5s 服务端延迟
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 1*time.Second)
defer cancel()
_, err := client.Request(ctx, "GET", server.URL)
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("expected timeout error")
}模拟重定向
go
server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
switch r.URL.Path {
case "/old":
http.Redirect(w, r, "/new", http.StatusMovedPermanently)
case "/new":
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
w.Write([]byte("redirected"))
}
}))
defer server.Close()模拟文件上传
go
server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
if r.Method != "POST" {
t.Errorf("expected POST, got %s", r.Method)
}
// 解析 multipart 表单
r.ParseMultipartForm(10 << 20)
file, header, err := r.FormFile("upload")
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
defer file.Close()
if header.Filename != "test.txt" {
t.Errorf("expected test.txt, got %s", header.Filename)
}
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
}))
defer server.Close()表格驱动测试
go
func TestHTTPMethods(t *testing.T) {
server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
w.Write([]byte(r.Method))
}))
defer server.Close()
client, err := httpc.New(httpc.TestingConfig())
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
defer client.Close()
tests := []struct {
name string
method func(url string, opts ...httpc.RequestOption) (*httpc.Result, error)
}{
{"GET", client.Get},
{"POST", client.Post},
{"PUT", client.Put},
{"PATCH", client.Patch},
{"DELETE", client.Delete},
}
for _, tt := range tests {
t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
result, err := tt.method(server.URL + "/test")
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if result.Body() != tt.name {
t.Errorf("expected %s, got %s", tt.name, result.Body())
}
})
}
}最佳实践
| 实践 | 说明 |
|---|---|
使用 httptest.Server | 模拟真实 HTTP 行为，无需网络依赖 |
使用 TestingConfig() | 禁用安全检查，避免本地连接被阻止 |
使用 defer | 确保资源释放，即使测试失败 |
| 表格驱动 | 覆盖多种输入，代码简洁 |