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高级示例

自定义 Scorer

针对特定网站结构定制内容识别逻辑。完整实现请参考 测试与自定义扩展,以下展示核心用法:

go
package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "strings"

    "github.com/cybergodev/html"
)

// 实现自定义 Scorer(完整示例见 guides/testing-custom)
type myScorer struct{}

func (s myScorer) Score(node html.ContentNode) int {
    if node == nil {
        return 0
    }
    class := node.AttrValue("class")
    if strings.Contains(class, "article") || strings.Contains(class, "post") {
        return 100
    }
    if strings.Contains(class, "sidebar") || strings.Contains(class, "comment") {
        return -50
    }
    return 0
}

func (s myScorer) ShouldRemove(node html.ContentNode) bool {
    switch node.Data() {
    case "nav", "footer", "header":
        return true
    }
    return false
}

func main() {
    cfg := html.DefaultConfig()
    cfg.Scorer = myScorer{}

    p, err := html.New(cfg)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer p.Close()

    data := []byte(`<html><body>
        <nav><a href="/">首页</a></nav>
        <article class="post-content">
            <h1>深入理解 Go 并发</h1>
            <p>goroutine 是 Go 的轻量级线程。</p>
        </article>
        <aside class="sidebar">推荐阅读</aside>
    </body></html>`)

    result, err := p.Extract(data)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    fmt.Println("正文:", result.Text)
    // 正文:深入理解 Go 并发
    //
    // goroutine 是 Go 的轻量级线程。
}

多 Sink 审计管道

构建分级审计管道:critical 事件写入独立文件,所有事件同时输出到日志。

go
package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "os"

    "github.com/cybergodev/html"
)

func main() {
    // 创建输出目标
    allFile, _ := os.Create("audit-all.jsonl")
    criticalFile, _ := os.Create("audit-critical.jsonl")
    defer allFile.Close()
    defer criticalFile.Close()

    // 构建多层级管道
    allSink := html.NewWriterAuditSink(allFile)
    criticalSink := html.NewFilteredSink(
        html.NewWriterAuditSink(criticalFile),
        func(e html.AuditEntry) bool {
            return e.Level == html.AuditLevelCritical
        },
    )
    loggerSink := html.NewLoggerAuditSink()

    pipeline := html.NewMultiSink(allSink, criticalSink, loggerSink)

    // 配置
    cfg := html.HighSecurityConfig()
    cfg.Audit = html.HighSecurityAuditConfig()
    cfg.Audit.Sink = pipeline

    p, err := html.New(cfg)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer p.Close()

    // 处理内容
    data := []byte(`<html><body>
        <script>alert('xss')</script>
        <article><p>安全的内容</p></article>
    </body></html>`)

    result, err := p.Extract(data)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    fmt.Println("正文:", result.Text)
    // 审计日志自动记录到文件和 stderr
}

批量文件处理

批量处理目录下的 HTML 文件,收集结果和错误:

go
package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"
    "path/filepath"

    "github.com/cybergodev/html"
)

func main() {
    // 收集文件路径
    var files []string
    filepath.Walk("./pages", func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
        if err != nil {
            return nil
        }
        if filepath.Ext(path) == ".html" || filepath.Ext(path) == ".htm" {
            files = append(files, path)
        }
        return nil
    })

    fmt.Printf("发现 %d 个文件\n", len(files))

    // 批量处理
    p, _ := html.New(html.TextOnlyConfig())
    defer p.Close()

    // 单批上限 10000;超出会整批失败,需调用方自行分批
    batch := p.ExtractBatchFiles(files)

    fmt.Printf("成功:%d, 失败:%d, 取消:%d\n",
        batch.Success, batch.Failed, batch.Cancelled)

    // 处理结果
    for i, result := range batch.Results {
        if result != nil {
            fmt.Printf("[%d] %s (字数: %d)\n", i, result.Title, result.WordCount)
        }
    }

    // 检查错误
    for i, err := range batch.Errors {
        if err != nil {
            fmt.Printf("[%d] 错误: %v\n", i, err)
        }
    }
}

带超时的 Processor 复用

Web 服务场景下的 Processor 单例模式:

go
package main

import (
    "context"
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "time"

    "github.com/cybergodev/html"
)

var processor *html.Processor

func init() {
    cfg := html.DefaultConfig()
    cfg.MaxCacheEntries = 5000
    cfg.CacheTTL = 30 * time.Minute
    cfg.ProcessingTimeout = 10 * time.Second

    var err error
    processor, err = html.New(cfg)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

func extractHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(r.Context(), 5*time.Second)
    defer cancel()

    data := []byte(r.FormValue("html"))
    if len(data) == 0 {
        http.Error(w, "html field required", http.StatusBadRequest)
        return
    }

    result, err := processor.ExtractWithContext(ctx, data)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }

    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(result)
}

func statsHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    stats := processor.GetStatistics()
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "已处理:%d\n缓存命中:%d\n错误:%d\n",
        stats.TotalProcessed, stats.CacheHits, stats.ErrorCount)
}

func main() {
    defer processor.Close()

    http.HandleFunc("/extract", extractHandler)
    http.HandleFunc("/stats", statsHandler)
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}

提取并生成 Markdown 文件

从 HTML 页面提取内容并保存为 Markdown 文件:

go
package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "os"
    "strings"

    "github.com/cybergodev/html"
)

func main() {
    p, err := html.New(html.MarkdownConfig())
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer p.Close()

    urls := []string{
        "downloaded/page1.html",
        "downloaded/page2.html",
        "downloaded/page3.html",
    }

    for _, path := range urls {
        md, err := p.ExtractToMarkdownFromFile(path)
        if err != nil {
            log.Printf("处理 %s 失败: %v", path, err)
            continue
        }

        // 生成输出文件名
        outPath := strings.Replace(path, ".html", ".md", 1)
        if err := os.WriteFile(outPath, []byte(md), 0644); err != nil {
            log.Printf("写入 %s 失败: %v", outPath, err)
            continue
        }
        fmt.Printf("✓ %s%s\n", path, outPath)
    }
}

上下文取消与优雅关闭

在 HTTP 服务中使用 context 控制提取超时,支持请求级取消:

go
package main

import (
    "context"
    "errors"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "os"
    "os/signal"
    "syscall"
    "time"

    "github.com/cybergodev/html"
)

var processor *html.Processor

func init() {
    cfg := html.DefaultConfig()
    cfg.ProcessingTimeout = 10 * time.Second
    cfg.MaxCacheEntries = 5000
    var err error
    processor, err = html.New(cfg)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

func extractHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    // 请求级超时(5s),与 ProcessingTimeout(10s)叠加,先到先生效
    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(r.Context(), 5*time.Second)
    defer cancel()

    body := make([]byte, 0)
    buf := make([]byte, 4096)
    for {
        n, err := r.Body.Read(buf)
        body = append(body, buf[:n]...)
        if err != nil {
            break
        }
        if len(body) > 10*1024*1024 {
            http.Error(w, "请求体过大", http.StatusRequestEntityTooLarge)
            return
        }
    }

    result, err := processor.ExtractWithContext(ctx, body)
    if err != nil {
        switch {
        case errors.Is(err, html.ErrProcessingTimeout):
            http.Error(w, "处理超时", http.StatusGatewayTimeout)
        case errors.Is(err, html.ErrInputTooLarge):
            http.Error(w, "输入过大", http.StatusRequestEntityTooLarge)
        default:
            http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        }
        return
    }

    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"title":"%s","word_count":%d}`, result.Title, result.WordCount)
}

func main() {
    defer processor.Close()

    server := &http.Server{Addr: ":8080"}
    http.HandleFunc("/extract", extractHandler)

    // 优雅关闭:收到信号后关闭 Processor 和 HTTP 服务
    go func() {
        sigChan := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
        signal.Notify(sigChan, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
        <-sigChan
        log.Println("正在关闭...")
        processor.Close()
        server.Shutdown(context.Background())
    }()

    log.Println("服务启动于 :8080")
    log.Fatal(server.ListenAndServe())
}

安全文件处理

使用 AllowedBaseDir 沙箱处理用户提供的文件路径:

go
package main

import (
    "errors"
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "github.com/cybergodev/html"
)

func main() {
    cfg := html.HighSecurityConfig()
    // 限制文件读取到此目录及其子目录
    // 通过 OS 文件句柄解析真实路径,防 symlink/junction 绕过
    cfg.AllowedBaseDir = "/var/www/uploads"

    p, err := html.New(cfg)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer p.Close()

    // 模拟用户提供的文件路径
    userFiles := []string{
        "/var/www/uploads/article1.html",  // ✅ 允许
        "/var/www/uploads/sub/page.html",  // ✅ 允许(子目录)
        "../../../etc/passwd",             // ❌ 路径遍历
        "/etc/shadow",                     // ❌ 目录外
    }

    for _, file := range userFiles {
        _, err := p.ExtractFromFile(file)
        if err != nil {
            var fileErr *html.FileError
            if errors.As(err, &fileErr) {
                // SafePath 只返回文件名,不泄露完整路径
                fmt.Printf("❌ 拒绝 %s: %s\n", fileErr.SafePath(), fileErr.FileErr)
            } else {
                fmt.Printf("❌ 错误: %v\n", err)
            }
            continue
        }
        fmt.Printf("✅ 处理成功: %s\n", file)
    }
}

编码检测回退

自动检测失败时回退到手动指定编码:

go
package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "strings"

    "github.com/cybergodev/html"
)

// extractWithFallback 先自动检测,失败后用指定编码重试
func extractWithFallback(data []byte, fallback string) (*html.Result, error) {
    result, err := html.Extract(data)
    if err == nil {
        return result, nil
    }
    if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "encoding detection failed") {
        cfg := html.DefaultConfig()
        cfg.Encoding = fallback
        return html.Extract(data, cfg)
    }
    return nil, err
}

func main() {
    // 模拟来源未知的 GBK 编码 HTML(无 meta charset)
    data := []byte{0xbb, 0xb9, 0xca, 0xc7, 0xd3, 0xd0, 0xd2, 0xbb, 0xb8, 0xf6}

    result, err := extractWithFallback(data, "gbk")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    fmt.Printf("标题:%s\n文本长度:%d\n", result.Title, len(result.Text))
}